wyoming ranching

The New Deal split Wyoming's federal policy in two. In the west, the Taylor Grazing Act of 1934 brought public range under federal regulation, creating grazing districts and permits that permanently reshaped grazing rights. In the east, federal programs deemed homesteaded Great Plains land unfit for farming and worked to resettle its residents.

When the New Deal arrived in Wyoming in the 1930s, federal agents fanned out across the state buying and slaughtering cattle and reducing crops to combat the Depression-era crisis of overproduction. This article examines how the Agricultural Adjustment Administration’s production controls played out on Wyoming’s ranches and farms.

When the stock market crashed in 1929, Wyoming’s farms and ranches were already struggling. Collapsing markets, failing banks, and drought pushed the state’s agriculture to the breaking point. Roosevelt’s New Deal offered relief, but also brought federal power into Wyoming’s rangeland, permanently reshaping ranchers’ relationship to the land.

How did a subtropical cattle ranching practice make it into Wyoming? Wyoming’s cattle ranching industry has deep roots in the Tamaulipas area of Mexico, the Carolinas, and Texas. Read more about how this system got established in Wyoming, who profited from it, and what happened when it met the harsh reality of Wyoming winters.

In the 1870s and 1880s, the cattle ranching industry in Wyoming operated mostly on neglect with one exception: the roundups. For most of the year, cattle were left to roam and graze untended. But twice a year, they were rounded up—sometimes as far as 100 miles away from their home ranch. Read more about the roundups on Wyoming’s Open Range.